Probiotics refers to the friendly bacteria that inhabit the human gastrointestinal tract. The most important of these bacteria include Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum. These bacteria are more commonly known as acidophilus and bifidus. Acidophilus are the prominent microflora in the small intestine, while bifidus are found in plenty in the large intestine. These bacteria, which develop after birth, are critical to human nutrition and immune function. Natural sources include yogurt containing active cultures and acidophilus milk.
Acidophilus and bifidus are involved in cholesterol metabolism and the aging process. These lactobacilli inhibit the potentially harmful action of other toxin-producing bacteria. Acidophilus also exhibits antifungal properties, helps lower cholesterol, aids in digestion, and enhances nutrient absorption. Furthermore, acidophilus is able to manufacture B-complex vitamins, and produce enzymes which aid in digestion of protein and lactose (milk sugar).
Acidophilus supplements are thought to assist in warding off disease and infection by increasing body levels of gamma interferon. They can prevent diarrhea that often accompanies antibiotic use. Because antibiotics can destroy intestinal microflora, research suggests taking acidophilus during and after antibiotic use. Symptoms of an inadequate amount of intestinal bacteria include frequent gas, bloating, and constipation. This condition is also characterized by the malabsorption of nutrients, in addition to the possibility of toxicity. However, when taking a dosage, do not take the antibiotics and acidophilus simultaneously.
Without a proper supply of intestinal flora, the risk of candidiasis increases. Other factors which contribute to this include antibiotic use, oral contraceptives, aspirin, corticosteroids, a poor diet, sugar, yeast, stress, and excess zinc. Acidophilus applied in a douche or suppository form can treat vaginal yeast infections and urinary tract infections. A recent study involving women prone to yeast infections reported that the rate of these infections was significantly reduced by eating yogurt on a daily basis. A 1977 study found that cultured milk products seem to decrease the risk for colon cancer.
Another study conducted in 1977 found powerful antitumor properties in Lactobacillus bulgaricus, a bacterium in yogurt. Research from 1995 indicates Lactobacilli are also effective against some bladder cancers. Acidophilus is likewise beneficial in diverticulosis, acne, and halitosis (bad breath). Bifidus is indicated for persons with cirrhosis of the liver and hepatitis.
Doses of probiotic supplements are measured according to the number of live organisms. Acidophilus and bifidus are available in tablets, capsules, and powder forms, often as combination products. Non-dairy supplements are also sold for those with milk allergies or lactose intolerance. Acidophilus supplements should be taken on an empty stomach about an hour before mealtime. These products should be kept in a cool location or refrigerated but acidophilus should never be frozen.
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